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Isadora Duncan Biography


 Duncan, Isadora - an American dancer. Angela Isadora Denkan, born Dora Angela Duncan (Isadora Duncan) was born in San Francisco May 27, 1877. In the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE), year of birth 1878 Unknown error. First and last name to pronounce the dancer Isadora Denkan, but in Russia it was always called Isadora Duncan. On the origin of Isadora Duncan was Irish. Children of Isadora Duncan drowned along with a nanny in 1913. Deirdre, daughter of Gordon Craig, was 7 years old, and Patrick, the son of Eugene Paris Singer was only 4 years old. Duncan herself died tragically in Nice September 14, 1927. She was buried in the cemetery of Pere-Lachaise cemetery in Paris.


 Duncan - an innovator and reformer choreography, gave in their dances are exempt from formalistic classical ballet forms, plastic embodiment of musical content. She contrasted the classical school of ballet dance free plastic. Used the ancient Greek plastic, danced in a tunic and sandals. One of the first to use dance to symphonic music, including Chopin, Gluck, Schubert, Beethoven and Wagner. Isadora dreamed of creating a new man for whom dance is more than a natural thing. His dance restored harmony of body and soul. It has opened people dance in its purest form, "self-worth solely in itself", which was built according to the laws of pure art. In the harmonic art of the dance of Isadora Duncan desire for harmony and beauty expressed in perfect shape. Based on the music, it has come to move to the harmonic canon, and why was the main and only the founder of modern dance. Duncan has made a perfect match of emotional expressiveness of music and dance images. It was a new approach to the art of dance, a new method of creative expression, which was outside the scope of traditional aesthetic ballet school. The movement was born out of the music, rather than preceded it.


 In 13 years, Isadora left school, and seriously took up music and dance. As an independent dancer Duncan first performed in Budapest in 1903, then in 1903 she and her family made a pilgrimage to Greece. His first dance school she opened together with her older sister Elizabeth in 1904 in Germany in Grunewald. In Russia, she came for the first time January 10, 1905. At the end of 1907 Duncan gave several concerts in St. Petersburg. At the time, she became friends with Stanislavsky. April 16, 1915 the first performance of the second part, "Pathetique Symphony" by Tchaikovsky. In July 1921 Duncan came to Soviet Russia at the invitation of Lunacharsky and LB Krasin and organized in Moscow for the children of workers choreographic school (house on the street. Prechistenka, 20), which was adopted about 60 girls between the ages of 4 to 10 years. Duncan's first performance in Moscow on 7 November 1921 at the Bolshoi Theatre in celebration of the fourth anniversary of the October Revolution. While in Russia (1921-24), married the poet Yesenin and with it traveled to the United States (1922-23). In 1922, Isadora having big trouble after several interviews in which she spoke about atheism and the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. Her recent performances in New York, held on 13 and 15 January 1923 at Carnegie Hall. After her divorce from Sergei Yesenin, in 1925, returned to the U.S., where they were harassed as a "Bolshevik spy." Was stripped of U.S. citizenship for the conduct of the "red propaganda." As a result, was forced to move to France, where he remained until his last days. In 1925 the school founded by Duncan in Russia, has been stripped of public funding, however the school and the studio lasted until 1949. After leaving the studio Duncan led her adopted daughter Irma. The school was closed for ideological reasons, as propagating "morbid, decadent art, brought to this country from America." However, for Duncan was followed by "plastichki-sandals" L.N.Alekseeva and S.D.Rudneva, the studio that created the sculpture and musical movement, continue to work to this day. In Russia published two books of Isadora Duncan: "Dance of the Future" (Wiley, 1907) and "My Life" (Wiley, 1930).


 Today, in the different countries of the world - America, France, Germany, Sweden, Hungary, Greece and Russia, the followers of art of Isadora Duncan preserve and develop the traditions of her dance. Make a record of the original choreography Duncan notes, issued books on the art of dance, filmed on video original dances performed by Duncan modern dancers. In 2001 in St. Petersburg was established Cultural Arts Center of Clean Isadora Duncan (Duncan Center), in the framework of which, since 2002, hosts the annual International open-profit festival in memory of Isadora Duncan (Duncan Festival).


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Historical information


Angela Isadora Duncan was born in San Francisco on May 26, (27) 1878 and met a tragic death in Nice on September 14, 1927. Isadora Duncan was one of the most enigmatic representatives of 'modern' plastic dance at the beginning of the century. At the time, many believed that Duncan pursued the re-birth of ancient Greek dance, to which she would always reply: 'My dance is not a dance of the past, it is a dance of the future.' Isadora Duncan borrowed 'unique figures of beauty and aesthetics of human movement' from ancient cultures. Duncan reformed the art of dance, combining all its elements, i.e. music, eurhythmics, and costumes, in a harmonious way. 'At first she tried a choreographical interpretation of Beethoven's sonatas, Chopin's nocturnes and preludes, and of works by Gluck, Mozart, Schumann...' Free plastic dance was born at the turn of the 20th century. The first plastic dancers were Loie Fuller (1862-1928), Isadora Duncan (1877-1928) and Ruth Saint-Denis (1878-1968) - three Americans with their individual achievements, who gave the art of dance new ideas and new possibilities, outside ballet and outside school. Duncan renewed the beauty of natural movement; Fuller enriched the play of light and shadow within dance, creating an interplay between body movement and loose materials; and Ruth Saint-Denis established the Eastern cult of eurhythmics and of Eastern dance. Free dancing has expressed the philosophical and aesthetic ideas of the modern in the most complete fashion and, as such, brought discoveries in the field of music, still-life, architecture and theatre into focus. The style of the 'modern' that included all arts at the end of the last century and the early present century clearly manifested a cult of nature united with the movement of Life. The concept of the flow of Life was expressed through the serpentine line which was so popular in the modern. By using his body, a dancer would create this line, secretly uniting Life itself with Art. On December 13, 1904 (according to the old calendar), Isadora Duncan's first performance took place at the St.-Petersburg Noble Assembly. After this, Duncan performed in Petersburg and Moscow in late January 1905. There were then tours from December 1907 until January 1908, summer 1909 and January 1913. Russia during the 'Silver Age' took Isadora Duncan's discoveries of dance for a symbol of freedom. K.K Stanislavsky, the reformer of the Russian theatre, received Duncan's art with raptures in the year 1905. The artists of the 'Mir iskusstva' (World of Art) recognized a new beauty in her art, that was linked with forgotten features of the past. Masters of classical ballet became Duncan's admirers: A.Gorsky, M.Fokine, A.Pavlova. The young Anna Akhmatova also studied plastic dancing. The comprehension of the pure nature of movement opens up the road to the world of dance that Isadora had in mind. She dedicated her life to the art of dance, taught others and gave the world an idea of new dance and of the dancer of the future. In 1906 she wrote: 'Her [the dancer's] movements will resemble the movements of nature ... they will reflect the thoughts of a person, his thoughts about the universe he lives in ... She will express a most elevated spirit in an infinitely free body!' Duncan showed the way to those looking for new forms of body expressiveness. Special schools and studios were established. One of the first to teach eurhythmics at the Art Theatre was E.I.Knipper-Rabeneck. In 1909, she founded a studio which became the most renowned in Moscow. In Petrograd the 'Geptakhor', studios of Z.Verbova, T.Glebova and others came into being. In 1921 Isadora Duncan opened up her own school in Moscow. Duncan's studio miraculously survived until 1949, then was broken up for good. Isadora Duncan herself left Russia forever in 1924. Most of the other studios and plastic dance schools were basically closed by 1930, and free dance itself was declared a foreign tradition and therefore was to be abolished.


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